H αποστασία στη σούννα

H αποστασία στη σούννα

Το θέμα της αποστασίας από το Ισλάμ δεν αναφέρεται καθαρά στο Κοράνι, αναφέρεται όμως με λεπτομέρειες στη Σούννα (παράδοση), η οποία είναι απαραίτητη για την ερμηνεία του Κορανίου. Στη σελίδα αυτή θα καταχωρούμε ό,τι αναφέρει η σούννα για την αποστασία.

Η αποστασία στο Σαχίχ Μπουχάρι

Η αποστασία στο Σαχίχ Μουσλίμ

Πώς τιμωρεί την αποστασία η Σαρία (ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΑ ΑΝΑΡΤΗΣΙΣ)

Η αποστασία στο Σαχίχ Μπουχάρι

Η συλλογή από Σαχίχ (γνήσια, αυθεντικά) αχαντίθ που έκανε ο Ιμάμ αλ Μπουχάριθεωρείται η πιο αξιόπιστη από όλες και είναι το πιο σημαντικό βιβλίο μετά το Κοράνι.

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Bukhari, Τόμος 9, Βιβλίο 83, Αριθμός 17
“Διηγήθηκε ο Αμπντουλλάχ: Ο αγγελιαφόρος του Αλλάχ είπε, «το αίμα ενός μουσουλμάνου που ομολογεί ότι κανείς δεν έχει το δικαίωμα να λατρεύεται εκτός απ’ τον Αλλάχ κι ότι εγώ είμαι ο αγγελιαφόρος του, δεν μπορεί να χυθεί παρά μόνο σε τρεις περιπτώσεις: Στην Κιζας (ίση τιμωρία-ανταπόδοση) για φόνο, σ’ ένα πρόσωπο παντρεμένο που διέπραξε παράνομη σεξουαλική συνουσία και σ’ αυτόν που μεταστρέφεται από το Ισλάμ (τον αποστάτη) και αφήνει τους μουσουλμάνους».

Στα αγγλικά:

Narrated ‘Abdullah:

Allah’s Apostle said, “The blood of a Muslim who confesses that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that I am His Apostle, cannot be shed except in three cases: In Qisas for murder, a married person who commits illegal sexual intercourse and the one who reverts from Islam (apostate) and leaves the Muslims.”
Sahih Bukhari 9:83:17

Bukhari Τόμος 9, Βιβλίο 84, Αριθμός 57,
Διηγήθηκε ο Ικρίμα, «φέρανε στον Αλή μερικούς αθέους κι αυτός τους έκαψε. Τα νέα γι’ αυτό το γεγονός έφτασαν στον Ιμπν Αμπάς που είπε «Αν ήμουν στη θέση του, δεν θα τους είχα κάψει, γιατί ο αγγελιαφόρος του Αλλάχ το απαγόρευσε, λέγοντας: «μην τιμωρείτε κανέναν με την τιμωρία του Αλλάχ (φωτιά). Θα τους είχα σκοτώσει σύμφωνα με τη δήλωση του αγγελιαφόρου του Αλλάχ ‘όποιος αλλάξει την ισλαμική του θρησκεία, τότε σκοτώστε τον’».

Στα αγγλικά:

Narrated Ikrima: Ali burnt some people and this news reached Ibn ‘Abbas, who said, “Had I been in his place I would not have burnt them, as the Prophet said, ‘Don’t punish (anybody) with Allah’s Punishment.’ No doubt, I would have killed them, for the Prophet said, ‘If somebody (a Muslim) discards his religion, kill him.’ “
Sahih Bukhari 4:52:260

Παρόμοιο:

Narrated ‘Ikrima:

Some Zanadiqa (atheists) were brought to ‘Ali and he burnt them. The news of this event, reached Ibn ‘Abbas who said, “If I had been in his place, I would not have burnt them, as Allah’s Apostle forbade it, saying, ‘Do not punish anybody with Allah’s punishment (fire).’ I would have killed them according to the statement of Allah’s Apostle, ‘Whoever changed his Islamic religion, then kill him.’”

Bukhari :: Book 9 :: Volume 84 :: Hadith 57

Bukhari Τόμος 9, Βιβλίο 84, Αριθμός 64
«Διηγήθηκε ο Αλή, «… Χωρίς αμφιβολία άκουσα τον αγγελιαφόρο του Αλλάχ να λέει «στις έσχατες ημέρες θα εμφανιστούν κάποιοι νεαροί ανόητοι, που θα λένε τα καλύτερα λόγια, αλλά που η πίστη τους δεν θα πηγαίνει πέρα από το λαρύγγι τους (δηλαδή θ’ αφήσουν την πίστη) και θα βγουν από τη θρησκεία τους όπως ένα βέλος βγαίνει από το παιχνίδι. Έτσι, όπου τους βρείτε, σκοτώστε τους, γιατί όποιος τους σκοτώσει θα έχει ανταμοιβή την ημέρα της ανάστασης».

Στα αγγλικά:

Narrated ‘Ali:

Whenever I tell you a narration from Allah’s Apostle, by Allah, I would rather fall down from the sky than ascribe a false statement to him, but if I tell you something between me and you (not a Hadith) then it was indeed a trick (i.e., I may say things just to cheat my enemy). No doubt I heard Allah’s Apostle saying, “During the last days there will appear some young foolish people who will say the best words but their faith will not go beyond their throats (i.e. they will have no faith) and will go out from (leave) their religion as an arrow goes out of the game. So, where-ever you find them, kill them, for who-ever kills them shall have reward on the Day of Resurrection.”
Sahih Bukhari 9:84:64

Ολόκληρο το βιβλίο για την αποστασία από τη συλλογή σαχίχ αχαντίθ του Αλ Μπουχάρι:

http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/hadeeth/bukhari/

Η αποστασία στο Σαχίχ Μουσλίμ

Book 1: The Book of Faith (Kitab al-Iman) Chapter 9 : COMMAND FOR FIGHTING AGAINST THE PEOPLE SO LONG AS THEY DO NOT PROFESS THAT THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH AND MUHAMMAD IS HIS MESSENGER

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Book 1, Number 0029:

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that when the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) breathed his last and Abu Bakr was appointed as his successor (Caliph), those amongst the Arabs who wanted to become apostates became apostates. ‘Umar b. Khattab said to Abu Bakr: Why would you fight against the people, when the Messenger of Allah declared : I have been directed to fight against people so long as they do not say: There is no god but Allah, and he who professed it was granted full protection of his property and life on my behalf except for a right? His (other) affairs rest with Allah. Upon this Abu Bakr said: By Allah, I would definitely fight against him who severed prayer from Zakat, for it is the obligation upon the rich. By Allah, I would fight against them even to secure the cord (used for hobbling the feet of a camel) which they used to give to the Messenger of Allah (as zakat) but now they have withheld it. Umar b. Khattab remarked: By Allah, I found nothing but the fact that Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr for (perceiving the justification of) fighting (against those who refused to pay Zakat) and I fully recognized that the (stand of Abu Bakr) was right.

Book 16: KITAB AL- KITAB AL-QASAMA WA’L-MUHARABA WA’L-QISAS WA’L-DIYAT
(THE BOOK PERTAINING TO THE OATH, FOR ESTABLISHING THE RESPONSIBILITY OF MURDERS FIGHTING, REQUITAL AND BLOOD-WIT)

Chapter 2 : PERTAINING TO THE COMBATANTS AND APOSTATES

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Book 16, Number 4130:

Anas b. Malik reported that some people belonging (to the tribe) of ‘Uraina came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) at Medina, but they found its climate uncogenial. So Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) said to them: If you so like, you may go to the camels of Sadaqa and drink their milk and urine. They did so and were all right. They then fell upon the shepherds and killed them and turned apostates from Islam and drove off the camels of the Prophet (may peace be upon him). This news reached Allah’s Apostle (may peace be upon him) and he sent (people) on their track and they were (brought) and handed over to him. He (the Holy Prophet) got their hands cut off, and their feet, and put out their eyes, and threw them on the stony ground until they died.

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Book 16, Number 4131:

Anas reported: Eight men of the tribe of ‘Ukl came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) and swore allegiance to him on Islam, but found the climate of that land uncogenial to their health and thus they became sick, and they made complaint of that to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him), and he said: Why don’t you go to (the fold) of our camels along with our shepherd, and make use of their milk and urine. They said: Yes. They set out and drank their (camels’) milk and urine and regained their health. They killed the shepherd and drove away the camels. This (news) reached Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) and he sent them on their track and they were caught and brought to him (the Holy Prophet). He commanded about them, and (thus) their hands and feet were cut off and their eyes were gouged and then they were thrown in the sun, until they died.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn al-Sabbah with a slight variation of words.

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Book 16, Number 4132:

Anas b. Malik reported that some people of the tribe of ‘Ukl or ‘Uraina came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him), and they found the climate of Medina uncogenial. Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) commanded them to the milch she-camels and commanded them to drink their urine and their milk. The rest of the hadith is the same (and the concluding words are): “Their eyes were pierced, and they were thrown on the stony ground. They were asking for water, but they were not given water.”

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Book 16, Number 4133:

Abu Qilaba reported: I was sitting behind ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-’Aziz and he said to the people: What do you say about al-Qasama? Thereupon ‘Anbasa said: Anas b Malik narrated to us such and such (hadith pertaining to al-Qasama). I said: This is what Anas had narrated to me: People came to Allah’s Apostle (may peace be upon him), and the rest of the hadith is the same. When I (Abu Qilaba) finished (the narration of this hadith), ‘Anbasa said: Hallowed be Allah. I said: Do you blame me (for telling a lie)? He (‘Anbasa) said: No. This is how Anas b Malik narrated to us. O people of Syria, you would not be deprived of good, so long as such (a person) or one like him lives amongst you.

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Book 16, Number 4134:

Anas b. Malik reported: There came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) eight persons from the tribe of ‘Ukl, but with this addition that he did not cauterise (the wounds which hid been inflicted upon them while punishing them).

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Book 16, Number 4135:

Anas reported: There came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) some ponple from ‘Uraina. They embraced Islam and swore allegiance to him and there had spread at that time pleurisy. The rest of the hadith is the same (but with this addition): “There were by his (the Prophet’s) side about twenty young men of the Ansar; he sent them (behind) them (culprits), and he also sent along with them one expert in following the track so that he might trace their footprints.”

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Book 16, Number 4136:

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Anas b. Malik through another chain of transmitters.

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Book 16, Number 4137:

Anas reported that Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) pierced their eyes because they had pierced the eyes of the shepherds.